Pak Hon-yong

Pak Hon-yong
Pak Hon-yong
박헌영
	Pak in 1948
Vice Chairman of the Workers' Party of Korea Central Committee
2nd Central Committee
	In office; 24 June 1949 – 6 August 1953 Serving with Ho Ka-i
Chairman	Kim Il Sung
Vice Premier of the Cabinet
1st Cabinet of North Korea
	In office; 9 September 1948 – 3 March 1953 Serving with Hong Myong-hui, Kim Chaek, Ho Ka-i, Choe Chang-ik and Choe Yong-gon
Premier	Kim Il Sung
Minister of Foreign Affairs
1st Cabinet of North Korea
	In office; 9 September 1948 – 3 March 1953
Premier	Kim Il Sung
Preceded by	Post established
Succeeded by	Nam Il
Vice Chairman of the Workers' Party of South Korea Central Committee
	In office; 24 November 1946 – 30 June 1949 Serving with Yi Ki-sok
Chairman	Ho Hon
Chairman of the Communist Party of Korea Central Committee
	In office; 14 September 1945 – 24 November 1946
Preceded by	Post established
Succeeded by	Ho Hon
Personal details
Born	28 May 1900; Yesan, South Chungcheong Province, Korean Empire (now South Korea)
Died	18 December 1955 (aged 55); Pyongyang, North Korea
Citizenship	North Korean
Nationality	Korean
Spouse(s)	Joo Se-juk, Jung Sunnyen, Yi Sunkeum, Yun Lena
Children	Daughter: Vivian Park, Nathesa Park; Son: Park Byungsam
Parent(s)	Lee Hakkyu (Mother); Park Hyin-ju (Father)
Education	Kyŏngsŏng Ordinary High School(1919)
Alma mater	KyungKi High School ; International Lenin School
Korean name
Chosŏn'gŭl	박헌영
Hancha	朴憲永
Revised Romanization	Bak Heonyeong
McCune–Reischauer	Pak Hŏnyŏng
Art name
Chosŏn'gŭl	이정, 이춘
Hancha	而丁/而靜, 而春
Revised Romanization	Ijeong, Ichun
McCune–Reischauer	Ijŏng, Ich'un
Courtesy name
Chosŏn'gŭl	덕영
Hancha	德永
Revised Romanization	Deogyeong
McCune–Reischauer	Tŏgyŏng

Pak Hon-yong (Korean: 박헌영; Hanja: 朴憲永; 28 May 1900 – 18 December 1955^{[citation needed]}) was a Korean independence activist, politician, philosopher, communist activist and one of the main leaders of the Korean communist movement during Japan's colonial rule (1910–1945). His nickname was Ijong (이정) and Ichun (이춘), his courtesy name being Togyong (덕영).

During the Japanese occupation of Korea, he tried to organize the Korean Communist Party. When the Japanese authorities cracked down on the party, he went into hiding. After Korea's liberation, August 1945, he set up the Communist Party of Korea in the South, but under pressure from American authorities he moved to North Korea (then People's Committee of North Korea) in April 1948. He attended a meeting with Kim Ku and Kim Kyu-sik on the subject of Korean reunification.

On record, he collaborated with Kim Il Sung in the Korean War.^[1] Park Hun-young was surprised by the strength of President Syngman Rhee's crackdown. Rhee massacred Southern dissenters, as in the Jeju Uprising, the Mungyeong Massacre and the Bodo League Massacre. In 1955, on account of the defeat in the Korean War, he was sentenced to forfeiture of all property and death. Although the Soviet Union and China tried to dissuade Kim Il Sung from executing Pak,^[2] Pak was eventually executed for the fabricated accusation of being an American spy.^[3]

^ "야, 이 자식아! 전쟁이 잘못되면 나뿐 아니라 너도 책임이 있어!" [You bastard, if the war goes wrong, you're responsible, too!]. The Chosun Ilbo. 6 June 2010. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
^ Ivanov, Vasily Ivanovich, Memorandum of Conversation with Kim Il Sung : April 19, 1956 Wilson Center Digital Archive
^ Lankov, Andrei (2013). The Real North Korea. Oxford University Press. pp. 13 to 14. ISBN 978-0-19-996429-1.

[1] "야, 이 자식아! 전쟁이 잘못되면 나뿐 아니라 너도 책임이 있어!" [You bastard, if the war goes wrong, you're responsible, too!]. The Chosun Ilbo. 6 June 2010. Retrieved 16 June 2019.

[2] Ivanov, Vasily Ivanovich, Memorandum of Conversation with Kim Il Sung : April 19, 1956 Wilson Center Digital Archive

[The_Real_North_Korea_2013-3] Lankov, Andrei (2013). The Real North Korea. Oxford University Press. pp. 13 to 14. ISBN 978-0-19-996429-1.

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